Immigrant Ships
Transcribers Guild

Gibraltar

1821
Ship Commerce 3rd Quarter
Schooner Olive Branch 19 November

1827
Brig General Bolivar 15 December

1842
Bark J. Emlen 22 April

1873
SS Alexandria 14 June

Gibraltar forms the eastern shore of a bay that has been of commercial importance from earliest times. It has been claimed that the port of Tharshish to which the fleets of Solomon resorted was situated here. Certainly the Phoenicians recognised the advantages of its protective geographical features; they founded the colony of Melcarthos (Carteia) on the north shore during the 9th century B.C. and make it an entrepot for trade with many ports throughout the Mediterranean.

Gibraltar was possessed successively by the Phoenicians. Carthaginians, Romans and Visigoths but remained uninhabited till the Mohammedan invasion of the Iberian peninsula in 711 A.D. by Tariq-ibn-Zeyad from whom Gibraltar gets its name, Gibel Tariq (Tariq's Mountain) and the city itself was founded by the Almohad monarch, Abd el Mumin in 1160 A.D. The Spaniards finally captured Gibraltar from the Moors in 1462 and retained it until 1704. In that year it was surrended to an Anglo Dutch force during the war of the Spanish Succession, since when it has remained in British hands.

The existence of the actual Rock of Gibraltar is first recorded by the Romans, who named it Calpe. It was the belief of ancient writers that the Pillars of Hercules were situated in the Strait of Gibraltar and after they perished, the two mountains, Calpe and Abyla (the later being situated opposite Gibraltar on the African shore), retained the names. Gibraltar Home Page


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